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WEB PAGE DEDICATED TO TORRUBIA AND THEIR PEOPLE

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Situation:

		TORRUBIA PLANE IT PRESSES TO ENLARGE

               The municipality of Torrubia is located cartographically between the meridians 1º 55´ and 1º 50´ of west longitude according to Greenwich and the parallels 40º 56´ and 41º 01´ of North latitude.

               It occupies a surface of 3.071 Has. in angle N.E. of plateau S. and within the region of the Parameras de Molina , whose capital Molina de Aragón is 17 km far away by highway. Administratively belongs to the Community of Castilla Mancha , within the judicial district of Molina, whose old Señorío it is assigned, comprising of the Sexma del Campo along with the towns of Amayas, Anchuela del Campo, Campillo de Dueñas, Cillas, Concha, Cubillejo de la Sierra, Cubillejo del sitio, Establés, Fuentelsaz, Hinojosa, Labros, Milmarcos, Pardos, Rueda de la Sierra, Tartanedo and Tortuera.

               The limits with the neighboring towns, follow line partly convecionales, although in some sections also natural elements of separation exist, such as streams or hills. To the North and the Northwest it is Tartanedo with that limits from the Carrascalejos to Las del Agua. To the West and Southwest is Pardos, with that limit does from the Carrascalejos to the Canaleja. To the south it is Rueda de la Sierra range in a short section that goes from the Canaleja to the Cerrillo Mayagüe. Finally to the East it is situated Cillas with which it limits from the Cerrillo Mayagüe to Rueda de la Sierra.
                              

Forming an island between the terminos of Pardos, Rillo and Rueda de la Sierra is another part of the municipality, la Dehesa de la Matilla o Sierra , that this together with the rest of the so single term by the Vereda de la Sierra. This portion of land of 250 Ha. of extension, that did not comprise in the beginning of municipal boundary, it was incorporated by a privilege granted in year 1,732 in order that Torrubia could count on a part of mountain range similar to that had the neighboring towns.

Relief:

          Orographically the ground of our municipality this formed by a plenillanura seeded of hills of little height and smooth and cleared forms, between which level zones extend, small valleys in form of opened U, erode through the years by the effects that the erosion has been doing on the high parts. The altitude of Torrubia is 1,168 ms. on the level of the sea, being his point more elevated the cerro de la Matilla with 1,402 m.s and the lowest el arroyo de Valdelajuma to his entrance in the term of Cillas that is to 1,120 m.s the set in general it presents/displays a slight inclination towards the S. and the E., thus the torrential waters look for always in running towards the rio Piedra. The most remarkable accidents are the following ones: the Matilla (1,402 m.s), the Cerro Gordo (1,387 m.s), the Corbetera (1,350 m.s), Cabeza Mediano (1,233 m.s), the hill of the Aldas ( Alto Cabero 1,212 m.s), the Gustales (1,214 m.s), the Raso (1,184 m.s), Ribagorda , the Cerro, the Pedriza (1,181 m.s), the Loma of Santo (1,184 m.), the Puntal (1,194 m.s), Cuesta of the Sordo (1,201 m.s), the Loma of the Eras , Lomapedrazo , Lomanegra and the Catalana . All the indicated hills correspond to plieges of the land; those of the mountain range formed in the Herciniano movement and the rest in the previous phase to the Alpine movement, with its axes oriented in direction N to S. or N.-N.E. to S.-S.O.
          The smoothness of the curves that form ours worn away hills , rarely is altered by rocks (rich, rocks) and if in some occasion there are them, these are of little height. All of them are located in lines of geologic faults, and for their enumeration two groups can be done:

a) those of the Mountain range , formed to a large extent by armoricanas quartzites ( the Escalerón , the Piedras del Dinero , the Castillo de Urracos, the Peñas del Camino de Cillas, the Peñas del Agua, Peña de la Manga, Peñas de las Sargas ...)

b) those of the rest of the term constituted basically by calcic carbonate ( the Piedras del Pilar, Rocas del Hocinillo, the Riscos of the Pedriza , the Riscos of the Hoz, the Riscos of the Dehesa, the Rocas of Ribagorda ...)

          The limestone composition of rocks of our term, has made the formation of some caves and simas possible , all of them of little organization. We will mention the Cueva Clara, the Cueva Oscura, the Cueva de San Patricio, the Cueva de San Francisco, the Sima of the Gustales , the Sima de Cabezamediano and other that there are distributed by the Dehesa.
          The Cueva Clara: one is a small, oriented towards the South, and located in the Pedriza, by hand left natural shelter of the way of present Cillas. By his privileged position it is possible that it was lived in last times.
          The Cueva Oscura: one is in the valley of the Hoz, alongside opposed of the Cueva Clara wich is about 250 m. far away. It looks like a great mouth oriented to the North and with one reduced galery that after make a route in semicircular form, open on the same rock, forming a small camera "the Portalilla", difficult from the exterior. It has provided refuge to families of the town during the wars and possibly it was lived in the antiquity. It counts the tradition that in its interior there was one galery that arrived until sacristy of Pardos.
          On rocks of the Hoz there are two small caves more, one the one of San Francisco in the Pedricilla and another one the one of San Patricio in the closed one of the Atajo.
          Simas: Few things can be said of simas of the Gustales and the Dehesa, that are practically blinded by the effects of the erosion and because the shepherds have contributed to it with the purpose of avoiding that the ewes could fall inside. In the tactical mission of the one of the Gustales is a hollow that once clean, more or less, has the size of a paridera of barda, from that goes to one more second smaller camera. In general it is a subject that would outside deserve to be investigated although single by archaeological reasons. As it happens with the caves, one knows that simas has served as refuge for people of the town in the days of war.

Climate:

              The climate of Torrubia is determined by the medium altitude on the level of the sea, superior to the 1,100 meters , the distance of the coast and the exposed thing of its morphology. It is of continental type with long and cold winters, and warm and short summers and little rains.

              The spring is cold in his first part, because during the month of April still the frosts and frosts persist that extend in some days of the month of May, month in which of exceptional form it can snow . It agrees with a period of rains, that are necessary so that they prosper the winter cultures and they are born those that become in spring.

              In summer the heat is very intense to the center of the day, with maximum temperatures in the months of July and August that oscillate between the 31 and 38 degrees ; the nights however usually are fresh and pleasant, ideal to observe the stars that in a clear atmosphere and transparent, shine with all magnitude. The hours of the crepusculos usually are but either cold, mainly those of the dawn, with minims that go of the 2 to 6 degrees , fresh temperatures but or to which the effect of the dew is united. Consequently we can say that the oscillations in summer are important with differences that go at night of the 24 to the 36 degrees to the day . In some late of summer storms, almost always accompanied of electrical apparatus form. In general the storm is a potential danger, because almost always it can be of hail, that in few minutes devastates the harvests. As storms of sad memory we mention three:

              The autumn takes from principle of September to half of November in that the cold makes its presence. Again the frosts induce sleep the life in the field. It agrees with another period of rains that makes possible the born the of cultures of winter. It is the time to prepare itself to receive the cold.

              In winter the cold is the dominant element, with numerous days that register 10 and 12 degrees below cero ; exceptionally in January of 1,971, 23 degrees were reached below cero . An own meteor of the winter is the snow , the quite abundant snowed ones in general, are beneficial for the field as soon as that represent water for the spring. When the snow freezes, frequent can last several days, long ago it even could last all the winter, and reach more of a meter when snow-covered being accumulated after other snows. Luckyly in the last years the amount of snow fallen is small.

              The rainfall: average annual it oscillates between 350 mm and 700 mm . with two rainy seasons: spring and autumn. The months of greater average rainfall are April with 63 l/m ² , November with 57 l/m ² , March with 55 l/m ² and May with 54 l/m ² , August is but the dry one with 20 an average rainfall of l/m ² .

              The prevailing winds, sweep with facility our municipality when not finding important natural obstacles, and being the hills devoid of arboreal vegetation. The main ones are:

- North wind: that it blows of the North and he is cold and dry.
- Solano: it blows of the East and he is humid.
- South wind: that it blows of the South and he is warm.
- The one of the Mountain range: that it blows of the Southwest and it contributes to rains of spring and autumn.
            

The population:

                The first inhabitants of our earth (in prehistory) , of which at the moment found data archaeological, were shepherds and hunters who developed liticas industries. Although he lacks a systematic study is places of the term like the Catalana, Ribagorda, the Matilla... where is material of sílex and another diverse one. Towards year 600 a.C. the substrate indigena received the influence of the towns of Central European, celtico origin , that introduced the Culture of the Iron. The result of the fusion was the formation of the celtiberic town . The first data written of the population of the Sexma del Campo contribute the Romans to them, who mention to the "tittos" like the celtiberic town that towards S. III a.C. inhabited the zone. Of them they say us that they were basic dedicated to the pasturing, they lived in a patrialcal regime and were organized in tribes in whom the social equality predominated, making for it annual distribution of earth and cattles between his members. Of his qualities they emphasize the sobriety, the fidelity and the fighting spirit, who had partly to the constant fights that by the ground and thefts of cattle maintained with the neighboring tribes. They were those that totally developed the Iron culture (period of the Tene), by it is it of supposition which the dregs belong to them that of this mineral are in the Pozuelo, the Praejones and the Hongar.

The name of the village takes from a small celtiveric town called "torre roxiza" that was situated in the same place than the actual one.                 After that a large cuantity of cultures arrive to this lands (romans, godos, arabics and judean) and after the Reconquist vasco-navarro inmigrants.                Population evolution: 1.830             356 h.            1.940             316 h.           1.860 396 h. 1.950 292 h. 1.900 301 h. 1.960 214 h. 1.910 300 h. 1.970 142 h. 1.920 334 h. 1.988 56   h.

Illustrious Personages:

Dº ALONSO AVILA: siglo XVI
   
Dº PABLO AZCUTIA: siglo XVI
   
MARTIN JIMENEZ: siglo XVI
   
Dº JUAN AMADOR AZCUTIA: siglo XVIII
   
Dº JUAN LOPEZ AZCUTIA: siglo XVIII
   
FRAY FRANCISCO DE TORRUBIA: siglo XVIII